Constipation is characterized by infrequent bowel movements (less than three times a week) with dry, hard stool, often causing discomfort and a sense of incomplete emptying.
Many individuals in the United States encounter this issue, affecting millions. If you experience frequent constipation, it's advisable to seek guidance from a medical professional for effective management.
Constipation occurs when the stool becomes hard due to excessive water absorption in the colon. Typically, as food progresses through the digestive tract, water is gradually removed, solidifying the stool. However, when this process is disrupted, often due to factors such as low fiber intake, inadequate hydration, sedentary lifestyles, routine changes, certain medications, or underlying health conditions, constipation can result.
Common causes of constipation encompass:
- Inadequate dietary fiber consumption
- Insufficient water intake
- Limited physical activity
- Alterations in daily routines
- The influence of specific medications
Untreated or recurrent constipation can lead to complications, including:
1. Hemorrhoids: Painful swollen veins around the anus.
2. Anal fissures: Tears in the lining of the anus, causing discomfort during bowel movements.
3. Diverticulitis: Infection of small pouches (diverticula) in the colon.
4. Fecal impaction: Accumulation of hardened stool, causing discomfort.
5. Pelvic floor damage: Straining during bowel movements may weaken muscles controlling bladder function, potentially leading to urinary incontinence.
To manage constipation at home:
1. Increase water intake.
2. Adjust your diet to include fiber-rich foods.
3. Engage in regular exercise.
4. Use over-the-counter fiber supplements or stool softeners cautiously.
5. Consider mild over-the-counter laxatives.
6. Avoid distractions while on the toilet.
7. Respond promptly to the urge to have a bowel movement.
Prescription medications, such as Lubiprostone, Prucalopride, Plecanatide, Lactulose, and Linaclotide, can be prescribed based on individual needs.
For constipation prevention:
1. Consume fiber-rich foods (aim for 18-30 grams daily).
2. Maintain adequate hydration (eight 8-ounce glasses daily).
3. Engage in regular physical activity.
4. Consult your doctor about magnesium supplements.
5. Don't delay when you feel the urge to have a bowel movement.
These practices are essential for maintaining regular bowel habits and preventing constipation-related complications.
By Andrew Anongu, DailyHealth
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